- Swollen Lymph Nodes – Often caused by infections (like a cold, flu, or throat infection). They usually feel tender and may shrink after the infection resolves.
- Cysts – Fluid-filled sacs, like thyroglossal duct cysts or sebaceous cysts, are usually harmless but may need treatment if they become infected or grow.
- Goiter or Thyroid Nodules – Swelling of the thyroid gland can cause lumps in the front of the neck. Some nodules are harmless, but others may require further evaluation.
- Infections – Skin infections, abscesses, or dental infections can cause a lump that is red, warm, and painful.
- Benign Tumors – Non-cancerous growths such as lipomas (fatty lumps) are usually soft and painless.
- Cancerous Lumps – Though less common, some neck lumps can be cancerous, including lymphoma, thyroid cancer, or metastases from other cancers. These are often firm, painless, and persistent.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention if a neck lump:
- Is hard, growing, or painless
- Persists for more than 2-3 weeks
- Is accompanied by night sweats, unexplained weight loss, or fever
- Causes difficulty swallowing, breathing, or moving your neck
What Doctors Usually Do
A doctor may perform:
- Physical examination
- Blood tests (for infection or thyroid function)
- Ultrasound or CT scan
- Biopsy if there’s concern about cancer
